Ipuwer papyrus online6/21/2023 ![]() ![]() They even embraced Egyptian culture, as archaeologist have found sphinxes with the heads of Hyksos pharaohs carved on them.Īround 1550 BC, the Egyptians were finally able to drive the Hyksos from Northern Egypt and retake the Nile Delta. When the Hyksos took over, they simply assumed the Egyptian government as the Hyksos leaders adopted the title of Pharaoh. In the papyrus, Ipuwer also referred to a group called the Asiatics and most believe this is a reference to an unusual time in Egypt’s history, when the Hyksos, a Semitic people similar to the Jews, conquered the northern half of Egypt in the 17th century BC, driving the Egyptian government into the southern half of the Nile delta. The Ipuwer papyrus is dated to the New Kingdom period of Egypt that started around 1550 BC. It was written by a man named Ipuwer who may have actually witnessed the events he was describing as he mixes historical with current events. It spoke of disasters, deaths, mysterious natural phenomena and famine. These ancient manuscripts were meticulously rewritten by hand down through the generations, and as the names changed over time, later scribes chose at times to use the area’s current name, that people were familiar with, rather than using its original name.Īnd this paves the way for an ancient papyrus on display at the Dutch National Museum of Antiquities located in Leiden, Holland.Ĭalled the Ipuwer papyrus, it was discovered in 1828, but wasn’t translated until 1909, when Professor Alan Gardner discovered it was a lament speaking of a very chaotic time in Egypt’s history. Though this seems like a discrepancy, it isn’t. It was called the district of Rameses, even though Pharaoh Rameses would not show up until much later, if you hold he was the actual Pharaoh of the Exodus account.Ī chapter earlier, this same area is described as the land of Goshen in Genesis 46:3.
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